REFACTOR: position, evaluate, repaint

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/CONFIG.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import java.awt.*;
 
 import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
+@SuppressWarnings("unused")
 public class CONFIG {
 
   public static final double NO_RESISTANCE = 1e-12;
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@ public class CONFIG {
 
   public static final int RASTER = 200;
 
+  public static final int P03 = (int) round(0.03 * RASTER);
+
   public static final int P05 = (int) round(0.05 * RASTER);
 
   public static final int P10 = (int) round(0.1 * RASTER);
@@ -28,6 +31,8 @@ public class CONFIG {
 
   public static final int P50 = (int) round(0.5 * RASTER);
 
+  public static final int P65 = (int) round(0.65 * RASTER);
+
   public static final int P75 = (int) round(0.75 * RASTER);
 
   public static final int P70 = (int) round(0.7 * RASTER);
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@ public class CONFIG {
 
   public static final int JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER = (int) round(1.5 * JUNCTION_RADIUS);
 
-  public static final Color PART_BACKGROUND = new Color(224, 224, 224);
+  public static final Color PART_BACK_COLOR = new Color(224, 224, 224);
 
   public static final Color PART_HOVER_COLOR = new Color(192, 192, 192, 128);
 
@@ -76,4 +81,12 @@ public class CONFIG {
 
   public static final BasicStroke SWITCH_STROKE = new BasicStroke(15);
 
+  public static Point ALIGN(final Point position) {
+    return new Point(position.x / RASTER * RASTER, position.y / RASTER * RASTER);
+  }
+
+  public static Point RASTER(final int x, final int y) {
+    return new Point(x * RASTER, y * RASTER);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/Window.java

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package de.ph87.electro;
 
+import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPanel;
+import de.ph87.electro.circuit.demo.Demos;
 import de.ph87.electro.sidebar.Sidebar;
 
 import javax.swing.*;
@@ -10,17 +12,17 @@ import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 
 public class Window extends JFrame {
 
+  private final CircuitPanel circuitPanel = new CircuitPanel();
+
   public Window() {
     positionOnRightMostScreen();
     setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
     setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1200, 900));
     setExtendedState(MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
 
-    final CircuitPanel circuitPanel = new CircuitPanel();
+    final Sidebar sidebar = new Sidebar(() -> setCircuit(new Circuit()));
-    final Sidebar sidebar = new Sidebar(circuitPanel::newCircuit, circuitPanel.getCircuit()::save);
     final JSplitPane splitter = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.HORIZONTAL_SPLIT, sidebar, circuitPanel);
 
-    sidebar.setRepaintCallback(circuitPanel::repaint);
     sidebar.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(calcWidth(3), 0));
     sidebar.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(calcWidth(1), 0));
 
@@ -34,6 +36,10 @@ public class Window extends JFrame {
     setVisible(true);
   }
 
+  public void setCircuit(final Circuit circuit) {
+    circuitPanel.setCircuit(circuit);
+  }
+
   private int calcWidth(final int raster) {
     return raster * (RASTER + 5) + 5;
   }
@@ -46,7 +52,8 @@ public class Window extends JFrame {
   }
 
   public static void main(String[] args) {
-    new Window();
+    final Window window = new Window();
+    window.setCircuit(Demos.potiAndVoltmeter());
   }
 
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/Circuit.java

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package de.ph87.electro.circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.calculation.Calculation;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.PartDto;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire.Wire;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire.WireDto;
@@ -11,6 +10,7 @@ import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.NonNull;
 import lombok.Setter;
 
+import java.awt.*;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.ALIGN;
+
 public class Circuit {
 
   @Getter
@@ -39,9 +41,9 @@ public class Circuit {
 
   @SuppressWarnings("unused")
   public Circuit(final File file, final CircuitDto dto) {
-    created = dto.getCreated();
+    this.created = dto.getCreated();
     for (PartDto partDto : dto.getParts()) {
-      final Part part = Part.fromDto(this, partDto);
+      final Part part = Part.fromDto(partDto);
       verifyFree(part.getPosition());
       parts.add(part);
     }
@@ -50,12 +52,12 @@ public class Circuit {
       final Junction b = findJunctionByUuid(wire.getB()).orElseThrow();
       wires.add(new Wire(a, b));
     }
-    evaluate();
   }
 
-  public void connect(final Junction a, final Junction b) {
+  public Wire connect(final Junction a, final Junction b) {
-    wires.add(new Wire(a, b));
+    final Wire wire = new Wire(a, b);
-    evaluate();
+    wires.add(wire);
+    return wire;
   }
 
   public void disconnect(final Wire wire) {
@@ -65,7 +67,6 @@ public class Circuit {
     wires.remove(wire);
     wire.getA().getWires().remove(wire);
     wire.getB().getWires().remove(wire);
-    evaluate();
   }
 
   public <T extends Part> T addPart(final T part) {
@@ -74,8 +75,6 @@ public class Circuit {
     }
     verifyFree(part.getPosition());
     parts.add(part);
-    part.render();
-    evaluate();
     return part;
   }
 
@@ -85,32 +84,17 @@ public class Circuit {
     } else {
       throw new RuntimeException();
     }
-    evaluate();
   }
 
-  public void movePart(final Part part, final Position position) {
+  public void verifyFree(final Point position) {
-    if (!parts.contains(part)) {
+    if (isOccupied(position)) {
       throw new RuntimeException();
     }
-    verifyFree(position);
-    part.setPosition(position);
-    evaluate();
   }
 
-  public void evaluate() {
+  public boolean isOccupied(final Point position) {
-    Calculation.calculate(this);
+    final Point aligned = ALIGN(position);
-    parts.forEach(Part::render);
+    return parts.stream().anyMatch(part -> part.getPosition().equals(aligned));
-    save();
-  }
-
-  public void save() {
-    CircuitIOService.save(this);
-  }
-
-  private void verifyFree(final Position position) {
-    if (parts.stream().anyMatch(part -> part.getPosition().equals(position))) {
-      throw new RuntimeException();
-    }
   }
 
   public Stream<Part> streamParts() {
@@ -125,19 +109,16 @@ public class Circuit {
     return parts.size();
   }
 
-  public Optional<Part> findPartByPosition(final Position position) {
+  public Optional<Part> findPartByPosition(final Point position) {
-    return streamParts().filter(p -> p.getPosition().raster.equals(position.raster)).findFirst();
+    final Point aligned = ALIGN(position);
-  }
+    return streamParts().filter(p -> p.getPosition().equals(aligned)).findFirst();
-
-  public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByAbsolute(final Position position) {
-    return findPartByPosition(position).flatMap(part -> part.findJunctionByPosition(position));
   }
 
   public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByUuid(@NonNull final String junctionUuid) {
     return parts.stream().map(part -> part.findJunctionByUuid(junctionUuid)).filter(Optional::isPresent).map(Optional::get).findFirst();
   }
 
-  public Optional<Wire> findWireByPosition(final Position position) {
+  public Optional<Wire> findWireByPosition(final Point position) {
     return wires.stream().filter(wire -> wire.intersects(position)).findFirst();
   }
 
@@ -148,4 +129,8 @@ public class Circuit {
     return new File(file.getAbsolutePath().replaceAll("\\.json$", ".png"));
   }
 
+  public void evaluate() {
+    Calculation.calculate(this);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CircuitIOService.java

@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 import java.io.*;
 
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.paintCircuit;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.draw;
 
 @Slf4j
+@SuppressWarnings("unused")
 public class CircuitIOService {
 
   private static final ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper().findAndRegisterModules();
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ public class CircuitIOService {
       log.error(e.toString());
     }
 
-    final BufferedImage img = paintCircuit(circuit, 1920, 1080);
+    final BufferedImage img = draw(circuit, 1920, 1080);
     try {
       ImageIO.write(img, "PNG", circuit.getPreviewFile());
     } catch (IOException e) {

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CircuitPainter.java

@@ -1,26 +1,31 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit;
 
+import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Orientation;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 
 import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
 import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
+import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
 public class CircuitPainter {
 
-  public static BufferedImage paintCircuit(final Circuit circuit, final int w, final int h) {
+  public static BufferedImage draw(final Circuit circuit, final int w, final int h) {
     final BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
     final Graphics2D g = img.createGraphics();
-    paintCircuit(circuit, g, w, h);
+    draw(g, circuit, w, h);
     return img;
   }
 
-  public static void paintCircuit(final Circuit circuit, final Graphics2D g, final int w, final int h) {
+  public static void draw(final Graphics2D g, final Circuit circuit, final int w, final int h) {
+    g.setTransform(new AffineTransform());
     drawBack(g, w, h);
     drawParts(circuit, g);
+    g.setTransform(new AffineTransform());
     drawRaster(g, w, h);
     drawWires(circuit, g);
     drawVoltages(circuit, g);
@@ -32,7 +37,10 @@ public class CircuitPainter {
   }
 
   private static void drawParts(final Circuit circuit, final Graphics2D g) {
-    circuit.streamParts().forEach(part -> part.paint(g));
+    circuit.streamParts().forEach(part -> {
+      g.setTransform(part.getTransform());
+      part.draw(g);
+    });
   }
 
   private static void drawRaster(final Graphics2D g, final int w, final int h) {
@@ -61,6 +69,7 @@ public class CircuitPainter {
 
     for (Part part : circuit.getParts()) {
       for (final Junction junction : part.getJunctions()) {
+        final Point absolute = junction.getAbsolute();
         if (SHOW_JUNCTION_NAMES) {
           int offsetY = third;
           if (SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES) {
@@ -68,7 +77,7 @@ public class CircuitPainter {
           }
           final String string = junction.getName();
           final Rectangle2D bounds = g.getFontMetrics().getStringBounds(string, g);
-          g.drawString(string, junction.getPosition().absolute.x - (int) (bounds.getWidth() / 2), junction.getPosition().absolute.y + offsetY);
+          g.drawString(string, absolute.x - (int) (bounds.getWidth() / 2), absolute.y + offsetY);
         }
         if (SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES) {
           int offsetY = third;
@@ -77,10 +86,66 @@ public class CircuitPainter {
           }
           final String string = "%.1fV".formatted(junction.getVoltage());
           final Rectangle2D bounds = g.getFontMetrics().getStringBounds(string, g);
-          g.drawString(string, junction.getPosition().absolute.x - (int) (bounds.getWidth() / 2), junction.getPosition().absolute.y + offsetY);
+          g.drawString(string, absolute.x - (int) (bounds.getWidth() / 2), absolute.y + offsetY);
         }
       }
     }
   }
 
+  public static void drawLine(final Graphics2D g, final Junction a, final Junction b, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
+    drawLine(g, a.getInside(), b.getInside(), color, stroke);
+  }
+
+  public static void drawLine(final Graphics2D g, final Junction a, final Point b, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
+    drawLine(g, a.getInside(), b, color, stroke);
+  }
+
+  public static void drawLine(final Graphics2D g, final Point a, final Point b, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
+    drawLine(g, a.x, a.y, b.x, b.y, color, stroke);
+  }
+
+  public static void drawLine(final Graphics2D g, final int x0, final int y0, final int x1, final int y1, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
+    g.setColor(color);
+    g.setStroke(stroke);
+    g.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1);
+  }
+
+  public static void fillRect(final Graphics2D g, final int x0, final int y0, final int x1, final int y1, final Color color) {
+    g.setColor(color);
+    g.fillRect(x0, y0, x1, y1);
+  }
+
+  public static void drawCircle(final Graphics2D g, final Point center, final int radius, final double degreesOffset, final double degreesRange, final Color border, final Stroke stroke, final Color fill) {
+    drawCircle(g, center.x, center.y, radius, border, stroke, fill, degreesOffset, degreesRange);
+  }
+
+  public static void drawCircle(final Graphics2D g, final int x, final int y, final int radius, final Color border, final Stroke stroke, final Color fill, final double degreesOffset, final double degreesRange) {
+    if (fill != null) {
+      g.setColor(fill);
+      g.fillArc(x - radius, y - radius, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, (int) round(degreesOffset), (int) round(degreesRange));
+    }
+    if (border != null && stroke != null) {
+      g.setColor(border);
+      g.setStroke(stroke);
+      g.drawArc(x - radius, y - radius, 2 * radius, 2 * radius, (int) round(degreesOffset), (int) round(degreesRange));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void drawText(final Graphics2D g, final Font font, final String text, final int x, int y, final Color color, final Orientation orientation) {
+    final AffineTransform transformBackup = g.getTransform();
+    if (orientation == Orientation.R180) {
+      g.rotate(orientation.getRadians(), P50, P50);
+      y = RASTER - y;
+    }
+
+    g.setFont(font);
+    g.setColor(color);
+    final Rectangle2D bounds = g.getFontMetrics().getStringBounds(text, g);
+    final int xx = (int) round(x - bounds.getWidth() / 2);
+    final int yy = (int) round(y - bounds.getHeight() / 2 + font.getSize());
+    g.drawString(text, xx, yy);
+
+    g.setTransform(transformBackup);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CircuitPanel.java

@@ -1,36 +1,47 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit;
 
 import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NonNull;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
-
+import java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.paintCircuit;
+import java.awt.event.ComponentEvent;
 
 @Slf4j
 public class CircuitPanel extends JPanel {
 
-  @Getter
-  private Circuit circuit = new Circuit();
-
   private final CircuitPanelMouseAdapter mouseAdapter = new CircuitPanelMouseAdapter(this);
 
+  @Getter
+  @NonNull
+  private Circuit circuit = new Circuit();
+
   public CircuitPanel() {
     new CircuitPanelDropTarget(this);
+    addComponentListener(new ComponentAdapter() {
+
+      @Override
+      public void componentResized(final ComponentEvent e) {
+        repaint();
+      }
+
+    });
+  }
+
+  public void setCircuit(@NonNull final Circuit circuit) {
+    this.circuit = circuit;
+    this.circuit.evaluate();
+    repaint();
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void paint(final Graphics _g) {
+  public void paint(final Graphics graphics) {
-    final Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) _g;
+    final Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) graphics;
-    paintCircuit(circuit, g, getWidth(), getHeight());
+    CircuitPainter.draw(g, circuit, getWidth(), getHeight());
     mouseAdapter.drawHover(g);
     mouseAdapter.drawDrag(g);
   }
 
-  public void newCircuit() {
-    circuit = new Circuit();
-    repaint();
-  }
-
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CircuitPanelDropTarget.java

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.*;
 import de.ph87.electro.common.AbstractDropTarget;
 
 import java.awt.*;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.ALIGN;
+
 public class CircuitPanelDropTarget extends AbstractDropTarget {
 
   private final CircuitPanel circuitPanel;
@@ -18,31 +19,30 @@ public class CircuitPanelDropTarget extends AbstractDropTarget {
 
   @Override
   protected boolean drop(final Point point, final String data) {
-    final Position position = new Position(point);
+    final Point aligned = ALIGN(point);
     if (data.equals(Battery.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Battery(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Battery(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(ConnectorCorner.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorCorner(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorCorner(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(ConnectorEdge.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorEdge(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorEdge(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(ConnectorMiddle.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorMiddle(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new ConnectorMiddle(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(Light.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Light(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Light(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(Switch1x1.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Switch1x1(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Switch1x1(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(Switch1x2.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Switch1x2(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Switch1x2(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(SwitchCross.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new SwitchCross(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new SwitchCross(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(Poti.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Poti(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Poti(aligned));
     } else if (data.equals(Voltmeter.class.getSimpleName())) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Voltmeter(circuitPanel.getCircuit(), position));
+      circuitPanel.getCircuit().addPart(new Voltmeter(aligned));
     } else {
       throw new RuntimeException();
     }
-    circuitPanel.repaint();
     return true;
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CircuitPanelMouseAdapter.java

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit;
 
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire.Wire;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
@@ -12,21 +12,18 @@ import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
 import static java.awt.event.MouseEvent.*;
 
+@Slf4j
 class CircuitPanelMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {
 
   private final CircuitPanel circuitPanel;
 
-  private Part partHover = null;
+  private Part part = null;
 
-  private Junction junctionHover = null;
+  private Junction junction = null;
 
-  private Wire wireHover = null;
+  private Wire wire = null;
 
-  private Part partDrag = null;
+  private Point dragging = null;
-
-  private Junction junctionDrag = null;
-
-  private Position dragPosition = null;
 
   CircuitPanelMouseAdapter(final CircuitPanel circuitPanel) {
     this.circuitPanel = circuitPanel;
@@ -36,135 +33,141 @@ class CircuitPanelMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {
 
   @Override
   public void mouseClicked(final MouseEvent event) {
-    final Position position = new Position(event);
+    hoverUpdate(event);
 
-    if (event.getButton() == BUTTON3) {
+    if (wire != null) {
-      if (wireHover != null) {
+      switch (event.getButton()) {
-        circuitPanel.getCircuit().disconnect(wireHover);
+        case BUTTON3:
-        wireHover = null;
+          circuitPanel.getCircuit().disconnect(wire);
-        circuitPanel.repaint();
+          circuitPanel.getCircuit().evaluate();
-        return;
+          wire = null;
-      }
+          break;
-      if (partHover != null) {
-        circuitPanel.getCircuit().removePart(partHover);
-        partHover = null;
-        circuitPanel.repaint();
-        return;
       }
     }
 
-    circuitPanel.getCircuit().findPartByPosition(position).ifPresent(part -> {
+    if (part != null) {
       switch (event.getButton()) {
         case BUTTON1:
           part.action();
-          circuitPanel.repaint();
+          circuitPanel.getCircuit().evaluate();
           break;
         case BUTTON2:
           part.rotate();
-          circuitPanel.repaint();
+          break;
+        case BUTTON3:
+          circuitPanel.getCircuit().removePart(part);
+          circuitPanel.getCircuit().evaluate();
+          part = null;
           break;
       }
-    });
+    }
+
+    circuitPanel.repaint();
   }
 
   @Override
   public void mouseMoved(final MouseEvent event) {
-    findHover(new Position(event));
+    hoverUpdate(event);
     circuitPanel.repaint();
   }
 
-  @Override
-  public void mousePressed(final MouseEvent event) {
-    final Position position = new Position(event);
-    circuitPanel.getCircuit().findPartByPosition(position).ifPresent(part -> startPartOrJunction(part, position));
-  }
-
-  private void startPartOrJunction(final Part part, final Position position) {
-    part.findJunctionByPosition(position).ifPresentOrElse(junction -> {
-      partDrag = null;
-      junctionDrag = junction;
-    }, () -> {
-      partDrag = part;
-      junctionDrag = null;
-    });
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void mouseDragged(final MouseEvent event) {
-    final Position position = new Position(event);
+    if (dragging == null) {
-    findHover(position);
+      hoverUpdate(event);
-    if (partDrag != null || junctionDrag != null) {
-      dragPosition = position;
     }
+    dragging = event.getPoint();
     circuitPanel.repaint();
   }
 
-  private void findHover(final Position position) {
-    partHover = circuitPanel.getCircuit().findPartByPosition(position).orElse(null);
-    junctionHover = partHover != null ? partHover.findJunctionByPosition(position).orElse(null) : null;
-    if (junctionHover != null) {
-      partHover = null;
-      wireHover = null;
-      return;
-    }
-    wireHover = circuitPanel.getCircuit().findWireByPosition(position).orElse(null);
-    if (wireHover != null) {
-      partHover = null;
-    }
-  }
-
   @Override
   public void mouseReleased(final MouseEvent event) {
-    final Position position = new Position(event);
+    if (dragging == null) {
-    if (partDrag != null) {
+      return;
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().movePart(partDrag, position);
     }
 
-    if (junctionDrag != null) {
+    if (part != null) {
-      circuitPanel.getCircuit().findJunctionByAbsolute(position).filter(destination -> destination != junctionDrag).ifPresent(destination -> circuitPanel.getCircuit().connect(junctionDrag, destination));
+      final Point aligned = ALIGN(event.getPoint());
+      if (!circuitPanel.getCircuit().isOccupied(aligned)) {
+        part.setPosition(aligned);
+        log.info("Dropped Part at {}: {}", aligned, part);
+      } else {
+        log.info("Cell already occupied at: {}", aligned);
+      }
     }
 
-    partDrag = null;
+    if (junction != null) {
-    junctionDrag = null;
+      final Junction source = junction;
-    dragPosition = null;
+      hoverUpdate(event);
+      if (junction != null) {
+        final Wire wire = circuitPanel.getCircuit().connect(source, junction);
+        log.info("Wire CREATED: {}", wire);
+        circuitPanel.getCircuit().evaluate();
+      } else {
+        log.info("No Wire created: No destination junction found!");
+      }
+    }
+
+    dragging = null;
     circuitPanel.repaint();
   }
 
-  public void drawHover(final Graphics2D g) {
+  private void hoverUpdate(final MouseEvent event) {
-    if (partHover != null) {
+    final Point position = event.getPoint();
-      g.setColor(PART_HOVER_COLOR);
+    part = circuitPanel.getCircuit().findPartByPosition(position).orElse(null);
-      g.setStroke(HOVER_STROKE);
+    junction = part != null ? part.findJunctionByPosition(position).orElse(null) : null;
-      g.drawRect(partHover.getPosition().absolute.x, partHover.getPosition().absolute.y, RASTER, RASTER);
+    if (junction != null) {
+      part = null;
+      wire = null;
+      return;
     }
-    if (junctionHover != null) {
+    wire = circuitPanel.getCircuit().findWireByPosition(position).orElse(null);
-      g.setColor(junctionHover.getColor());
+    if (wire != null) {
-      g.fillArc(junctionHover.getPosition().absolute.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, junctionHover.getPosition().absolute.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 0, 360);
+      part = null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void drawHover(final Graphics2D g) {
+    if (part != null) {
+      g.setColor(JUNCTION_HOVER_BORDER_COLOR);
+      g.setStroke(HOVER_STROKE);
+      g.drawRect(part.getPosition().x, part.getPosition().y, RASTER, RASTER);
+    }
+    if (junction != null) {
+      final Point absolute = junction.getAbsolute();
+
+      g.setColor(junction.getColor());
+      g.fillArc(absolute.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, absolute.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 0, 360);
 
       g.setColor(JUNCTION_HOVER_BORDER_COLOR);
       g.setStroke(HOVER_STROKE);
-      g.drawArc(junctionHover.getPosition().absolute.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, junctionHover.getPosition().absolute.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 0, 360);
+      g.drawArc(absolute.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, absolute.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER, 0, 360);
     }
-    if (wireHover != null) {
+    if (wire != null) {
+      final Point aa = wire.getA().getAbsolute();
+      final Point bb = wire.getB().getAbsolute();
+
       g.setColor(WIRE_HOVER_COLOR_BACK);
       g.setStroke(WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK);
-      g.drawLine(wireHover.getA().getPosition().absolute.x, wireHover.getA().getPosition().absolute.y, wireHover.getB().getPosition().absolute.x, wireHover.getB().getPosition().absolute.y);
+      g.drawLine(aa.x, aa.y, bb.x, bb.y);
 
-      g.setColor(wireHover.getA().getColor());
+      g.setColor(wire.getA().getColor());
       g.setStroke(WIRE_HOVER_STROKE);
-      g.drawLine(wireHover.getA().getPosition().absolute.x, wireHover.getA().getPosition().absolute.y, wireHover.getB().getPosition().absolute.x, wireHover.getB().getPosition().absolute.y);
+      g.drawLine(aa.x, aa.y, bb.x, bb.y);
     }
   }
 
   public void drawDrag(final Graphics2D g) {
-    if (dragPosition != null) {
+    if (dragging != null) {
-      if (partDrag != null) {
+      if (part != null) {
         g.setColor(PART_HOVER_COLOR);
-        g.fillRect(dragPosition.absolute.x - P50, dragPosition.absolute.y - P50, RASTER, RASTER);
+        g.fillRect(dragging.x - P50, dragging.y - P50, RASTER, RASTER);
       }
-      if (junctionDrag != null) {
+      if (junction != null) {
-        g.setColor(junctionDrag.getColor());
+        g.setColor(junction.getColor());
         g.setStroke(WIRE_STROKE);
-        g.drawLine(junctionDrag.getPosition().absolute.x, junctionDrag.getPosition().absolute.y, dragPosition.absolute.x, dragPosition.absolute.y);
+        final Point absolute = junction.getAbsolute();
+        g.drawLine(absolute.x, absolute.y, dragging.x, dragging.y);
       }
     }
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/demo/Demos.java

@@ -5,19 +5,19 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.Battery;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.Poti;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.Voltmeter;
 
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 
 @SuppressWarnings("unused")
 public class Demos {
 
   public static Circuit potiAndVoltmeter() {
     final Circuit circuit = new Circuit();
-    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(circuit, RST(0, 0)));
+    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(1, 0)));
-    final Poti poti = circuit.addPart(new Poti(circuit, RST(0, 1)));
+    final Poti poti = circuit.addPart(new Poti(RASTER(1, 2)));
-    final Voltmeter voltmeter = circuit.addPart(new Voltmeter(circuit, RST(0, 2)));
+    final Voltmeter voltmeter = circuit.addPart(new Voltmeter(RASTER(1, 4)));
     circuit.connect(battery.getMinus(), poti.getCommon());
-    circuit.connect(battery.getMinus(), voltmeter.getA());
     circuit.connect(battery.getPlus(), poti.getEnd());
+    circuit.connect(poti.getCommon(), voltmeter.getA());
     circuit.connect(poti.getMiddle(), voltmeter.getB());
     return circuit;
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/Orientation.java

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ public enum Orientation {
     this.map = rotate;
   }
 
-  public Point rotate(final Point p) {
+  public Point rotate(final Point inside) {
-    return map.apply(p);
+    return map.apply(inside);
   }
 
   public Orientation clockwise() {

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/Part.java

@@ -1,59 +1,67 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.JunctionDto;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.*;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.NonNull;
 import lombok.Setter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
 import java.awt.*;
+import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
+import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.*;
 
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.PART_BACKGROUND;
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
+import static java.lang.Math.round;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.ZERO;
 
+@Getter
 @ToString(onlyExplicitlyIncluded = true)
 public abstract class Part {
 
-  private final Circuit circuit;
-
-  @Getter
   @ToString.Include
   private final String uuid;
 
-  @Getter
   @Setter
   @ToString.Include
   private String name;
 
-  @Getter
+  private Point position;
-  private Position position;
 
-  @Getter
+  protected Orientation orientation = Orientation.R0;
-  private Orientation orientation = Orientation.R0;
 
-  @Getter
   private final List<Junction> junctions = new ArrayList<>();
 
-  protected final Render render = new Render();
+  @NonNull
+  private AffineTransform transform;
 
-  protected Part(final Circuit circuit, final String name, final Position position) {
+  protected Part(final String name, final Point position) {
-    this.circuit = circuit;
     this.uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
     this.name = name;
-    setPosition(position);
+    this.position = position;
+    this.transform = newTransform();
   }
 
-  protected Part(final Circuit circuit, final PartDto dto) {
+  protected Part(final PartDto dto) {
-    this.circuit = circuit;
     this.uuid = dto.getUuid();
     this.name = dto.getName();
     this.orientation = dto.getOrientation();
-    setPosition(new Position(dto.getPosition()));
+    this.position = dto.getPosition();
+    this.transform = newTransform();
+  }
+
+  private AffineTransform newTransform() {
+    final AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform();
+    transform.translate(position.x, position.y);
+    transform.rotate(orientation.getRadians(), P50, P50);
+    return transform;
+  }
+
+  public Point transform(final Point point) {
+    final Point2D result = transform.transform(point, new Point2D.Double());
+    return new Point((int) round(result.getX()), (int) round(result.getY()));
   }
 
   protected Junction addJunction(final String name, final int x, final int y) {
@@ -69,85 +77,64 @@ public abstract class Part {
     return junction;
   }
 
-  public void setPosition(final Position position) {
+  public void setPosition(final Point position) {
-    this.position = position.alignToRaster();
+    this.position = position;
-    junctions.forEach(Junction::updatePosition);
+    this.transform = newTransform();
   }
 
   public void rotate() {
-    orientation = orientation.clockwise();
+    this.orientation = orientation.clockwise();
-    junctions.forEach(Junction::updatePosition);
+    this.transform = newTransform();
-    evaluate();
   }
 
-  public final void render() {
+  public final void draw(final Graphics2D g) {
-    render.rect(ZERO, RASTER, RASTER, null, null, PART_BACKGROUND);
+    g.setColor(PART_BACK_COLOR);
-
+    g.fillRect(0, 0, RASTER, RASTER);
-    _labels();
+    _render(g);
-    render.resetTransform();
+    junctions.forEach(junction -> junction.draw(g));
-
+    _labels(g);
-    _render();
-    render.resetTransform();
-
-    junctions.forEach(junction -> junction.render(render));
-    render.resetTransform();
   }
 
-  public void paint(final Graphics2D g) {
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
-    g.drawImage(render.getImage(), position.absolute.x, position.absolute.y, null);
+    // -
   }
 
-  public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByUuid(final String junctionUuid) {
+  protected void _labels(final Graphics2D g) {
-    return junctions.stream().filter(junction -> junction.getUuid().equals(junctionUuid)).findFirst();
+    // -
   }
 
-  public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByPosition(final Position position) {
+  public void action() {
-    return junctions.stream().filter(junction -> junction.intersects(position)).findFirst();
+    // -
-  }
-
-  public final void action() {
-    _action();
-    evaluate();
-  }
-
-  public void _action() {
-    // may be overwritten
   }
 
   public void postCalculate() {
-    // may be overwritten
+    // -
-  }
-
-  protected void _render() {
-    // may be overwritten
-  }
-
-  protected void _labels() {
-    // may be overwritten
-  }
-
-  protected void evaluate() {
-    if (circuit != null) {
-      circuit.evaluate();
-    }
   }
 
   public List<InnerConnection> getInnerConnections() {
     return Collections.emptyList();
   }
 
-  public static Part fromDto(final Circuit circuit, final PartDto abstractDto) {
+  public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByUuid(final String junctionUuid) {
+    return junctions.stream().filter(junction -> junction.getUuid().equals(junctionUuid)).findFirst();
+  }
+
+  public Optional<Junction> findJunctionByPosition(final Point position) {
+    return junctions.stream().filter(junction -> junction.intersects(position)).findFirst();
+  }
+
+  public static Part fromDto(final PartDto abstractDto) {
     return switch (abstractDto) {
-      case final BatteryDto dto -> new Battery(circuit, dto);
+      case final BatteryDto dto -> new Battery(dto);
-      case final ConnectorCornerDto dto -> new ConnectorCorner(circuit, dto);
+      case final ConnectorCornerDto dto -> new ConnectorCorner(dto);
-      case final ConnectorEdgeDto dto -> new ConnectorEdge(circuit, dto);
+      case final ConnectorEdgeDto dto -> new ConnectorEdge(dto);
-      case final ConnectorMiddleDto dto -> new ConnectorMiddle(circuit, dto);
+      case final ConnectorMiddleDto dto -> new ConnectorMiddle(dto);
-      case final LightDto dto -> new Light(circuit, dto);
+      case final LightDto dto -> new Light(dto);
-      case final Switch1x1Dto dto -> new Switch1x1(circuit, dto);
+      case final Switch1x1Dto dto -> new Switch1x1(dto);
-      case final Switch1x2Dto dto -> new Switch1x2(circuit, dto);
+      case final Switch1x2Dto dto -> new Switch1x2(dto);
-      case final SwitchCrossDto dto -> new SwitchCross(circuit, dto);
+      case final SwitchCrossDto dto -> new SwitchCross(dto);
-      case final PotiDto dto -> new Poti(circuit, dto);
+      case final PotiDto dto -> new Poti(dto);
-      case final VoltmeterDto dto -> new Voltmeter(circuit, dto);
+      case final VoltmeterDto dto -> new Voltmeter(dto);
       case null, default -> throw new RuntimeException();
     };
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/PartDto.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public abstract class PartDto {
   protected PartDto(final Part part) {
     this.uuid = part.getUuid();
     this.name = part.getName();
-    this.position = part.getPosition().absolute;
+    this.position = part.getPosition();
     this.orientation = part.getOrientation();
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/Position.java

@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part;
-
-import lombok.Getter;
-import lombok.ToString;
-import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.RealVector;
-
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
-
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK;
-import static java.lang.Math.*;
-
-@Getter
-@ToString
-public final class Position {
-
-  public static final Position ZERO = new Position(0, 0);
-
-  public final Point absolute;
-
-  public final Point inside;
-
-  public final Point raster;
-
-  public static Position ABS(final RealVector vector) {
-    return ABS(vector.getEntry(0), vector.getEntry(1));
-  }
-
-  public static Position ABS(final double absoluteX, final double absoluteY) {
-    return new Position((int) round(absoluteX), (int) round(absoluteY));
-  }
-
-  public static Position RST(final int x, final int y) {
-    return ABS(x * RASTER, y * RASTER);
-  }
-
-  private Position(final int absoluteX, final int absoluteY) {
-    this.absolute = new Point(absoluteX, absoluteY);
-    this.raster = new Point(absoluteX / RASTER, absoluteY / RASTER);
-    this.inside = new Point(absoluteX % RASTER, absoluteY % RASTER);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
-    if (!(obj instanceof final Position other)) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    return absolute.equals(other.absolute);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public int hashCode() {
-    return absolute.hashCode();
-  }
-
-  public Position(final Point point) {
-    this(point.x, point.y);
-  }
-
-  public Position(final MouseEvent event) {
-    this(event.getX(), event.getY());
-  }
-
-  public Position plus(final Point vector) {
-    return new Position(absolute.x + vector.x, absolute.y + vector.y);
-  }
-
-  public double distance(final Position position) {
-    return sqrt(pow(position.absolute.x - absolute.x, 2) + pow(position.absolute.y - absolute.y, 2));
-  }
-
-  public boolean distanceToLine(final Position lineStart, final Position lineEnd) {
-    double dx = lineEnd.absolute.x - lineStart.absolute.x;
-    double dy = lineEnd.absolute.y - lineStart.absolute.y;
-    double lineLength = dx * dx + dy * dy;
-    if (lineLength == 0) {
-      return distance(lineStart) <= WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK.getLineWidth();
-    }
-
-    double t = ((absolute.x - lineStart.absolute.x) * dx + (absolute.y - lineStart.absolute.y) * dy) / lineLength;
-    t = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, t));
-
-    double closestX = lineStart.absolute.x + t * dx;
-    double closestY = lineStart.absolute.y + t * dy;
-    final double distance = sqrt(pow(closestX - absolute.x, 2) + pow(closestY - absolute.y, 2));
-    return distance <= WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK.getLineWidth();
-  }
-
-  public Position alignToRaster() {
-    return new Position(raster.x * RASTER, raster.y * RASTER);
-  }
-
-}

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/Render.java

@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part;
-
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
-import lombok.Getter;
-
-import java.awt.*;
-import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
-import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
-import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
-
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P50;
-import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
-import static java.lang.Math.round;
-
-public class Render {
-
-  @Getter
-  private final BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(RASTER, RASTER, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
-
-  private final Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
-
-  public void line(final Junction junction0, final Junction junction1, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
-    line(junction0.getPosition(), junction1.getPosition(), color, stroke);
-  }
-
-  public void line(final Position p0, final Position p1, final Color color, final Stroke stroke) {
-    if (color != null) {
-      g.setColor(color);
-    }
-    if (stroke != null) {
-      g.setStroke(stroke);
-    }
-    g.drawLine(p0.inside.x, p0.inside.y, p1.inside.x, p1.inside.y);
-  }
-
-  public void rect(final Position p, final double w, final double h, final Color border, final Stroke stroke, final Color fill) {
-    final int _w = (int) round(w);
-    final int _h = (int) round(h);
-    if (fill != null) {
-      g.setColor(fill);
-      g.fillRect(p.inside.x, p.inside.y, _w, _h);
-    }
-    if (border != null && stroke != null) {
-      g.setColor(border);
-      g.setStroke(stroke);
-      g.drawRect(p.inside.x, p.inside.y, _w, _h);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public void circle(final Position center, final double radius, final Color border, final Stroke stroke, final Color fill, final double startAngle, final double arcAngle) {
-    final int _x = (int) round(center.inside.x - radius);
-    final int _y = (int) round(center.inside.y - radius);
-    final int diameter = (int) round(radius * 2);
-    if (fill != null) {
-      g.setColor(fill);
-      g.fillArc(_x, _y, diameter, diameter, (int) round(startAngle), (int) round(arcAngle));
-    }
-    if (border != null && stroke != null) {
-      g.setColor(border);
-      g.setStroke(stroke);
-      g.drawArc(_x, _y, diameter, diameter, (int) round(startAngle), (int) round(arcAngle));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public void textCenter(final Font font, final String string, final int innerX, final int innerY, final Color color) {
-    g.setFont(font);
-    g.setColor(color);
-    final Rectangle2D bounds = g.getFontMetrics().getStringBounds(string, g);
-    final int x = innerX - (int) round(bounds.getWidth()) / 2;
-    final int y = innerY + (int) round(bounds.getHeight()) / 2;
-    g.drawString(string, x, y);
-  }
-
-  public void clockwise(final Orientation orientation) {
-    g.rotate(orientation.getRadians(), P50, P50);
-  }
-
-  public void resetTransform() {
-    g.setTransform(new AffineTransform());
-  }
-
-}

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/junction/Junction.java

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction;
 
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Render;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire.Wire;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
@@ -27,9 +25,7 @@ public class Junction {
   @ToString.Include
   private final String name;
 
-  private final Point relative;
+  private final Point inside;
-
-  private Position position;
 
   private final Set<Wire> wires = new HashSet<>();
 
@@ -44,20 +40,18 @@ public class Junction {
     return wires.stream().map(wire -> wire.getOpposite(this)).map(Junction::getUuid).toList();
   }
 
-  public Junction(final Part owner, final String name, final Point relative) {
+  public Junction(final Part owner, final String name, final Point inside) {
     this.owner = owner;
     this.uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
     this.name = name;
-    this.relative = relative;
+    this.inside = inside;
-    updatePosition();
   }
 
-  public Junction(final Part owner, final JunctionDto dto, final Point relative) {
+  public Junction(final Part owner, final JunctionDto dto, final Point inside) {
     this.owner = owner;
     this.uuid = dto.getUuid();
     this.name = dto.getName();
-    this.relative = relative;
+    this.inside = inside;
-    updatePosition();
   }
 
   public void setVoltage(final double voltage) {
@@ -65,16 +59,17 @@ public class Junction {
     this.color = Double.isNaN(voltage) ? VOLTAGE_UNKNOWN_COLOR : ((voltage >= VOLTAGE_HIGH_MIN) ? VOLTAGE_HIGH_COLOR : VOLTAGE_LOW_COLOR);
   }
 
-  public void render(final Render render) {
+  public void draw(final Graphics2D g) {
-    render.circle(position, JUNCTION_RADIUS, Color.BLACK, JUNCTION_STROKE, color, 0, 360);
+    g.setColor(color);
+    g.fillArc(inside.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS, inside.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS, 0, 360);
+
+    g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
+    g.setStroke(JUNCTION_STROKE);
+    g.drawArc(inside.x - JUNCTION_RADIUS, inside.y - JUNCTION_RADIUS, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS, 2 * JUNCTION_RADIUS, 0, 360);
   }
 
-  public void updatePosition() {
+  public boolean intersects(final Point position) {
-    position = owner.getPosition().plus(owner.getOrientation().rotate(relative));
+    return getAbsolute().distance(position) <= JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER;
-  }
-
-  public boolean intersects(final Position position) {
-    return this.position.distance(position) <= JUNCTION_RADIUS_HOVER;
   }
 
   public void collectConnectedJunctions(final Set<Junction> connected) {
@@ -86,4 +81,8 @@ public class Junction {
     owner.getInnerConnections().stream().flatMap(innerConnection -> innerConnection.filter(this)).forEach(opposite -> opposite.collectConnectedJunctions(connected));
   }
 
+  public Point getAbsolute() {
+    return owner.transform(inside);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Battery.java

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Orientation;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.Setter;
@@ -15,21 +12,22 @@ import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.ABS;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.*;
+import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
 @Getter
 @ToString(callSuper = true, onlyExplicitlyIncluded = true)
 public class Battery extends Part {
 
-  private static final double MINUS_W = 0.1 * RASTER;
+  private static final int MINUS_W = (int) round(0.1 * RASTER);
 
-  private static final double MINUS_H = 0.3 * RASTER;
+  private static final int MINUS_H = (int) round(0.3 * RASTER);
 
-  private static final double GAP = 0.05 * RASTER;
+  private static final int GAP = (int) round(0.05 * RASTER);
 
-  private static final double PLUS_W = 0.02 * RASTER;
+  private static final int PLUS_W = (int) round(0.02 * RASTER);
 
-  private static final double PLUS_H = 0.6 * RASTER;
+  private static final int PLUS_H = (int) round(0.6 * RASTER);
 
   private final Junction minus;
 
@@ -43,41 +41,19 @@ public class Battery extends Part {
   @ToString.Include
   private double resistance = 0.05;
 
-  public Battery(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Battery(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Batterie", position);
+    super("Batterie", position);
     minus = addJunction("MINUS", P10, P50);
     plus = addJunction("PLUS", P90, P50);
   }
 
-  public Battery(final Circuit circuit, final BatteryDto dto) {
+  public Battery(final BatteryDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     minus = addJunction(dto.getMinus(), P10, P50);
     plus = addJunction(dto.getPlus(), P90, P50);
     voltage = dto.getVoltage();
   }
 
-  @Override
-  protected void _render() {
-    render.clockwise(getOrientation());
-    render.line(ABS(P10, P50), ABS(P50 - GAP / 2 - MINUS_W / 2, P50), Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
-    render.line(ABS(P50 + GAP / 2 + PLUS_W / 2, P50), ABS(P90, P50), Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
-    render.rect(ABS(P50 - MINUS_W - GAP / 2, P50 - MINUS_H / 2), MINUS_W, MINUS_H, null, null, Color.BLACK);
-    render.rect(ABS(P50 + GAP / 2, P50 - PLUS_H / 2), PLUS_W, PLUS_H, null, null, Color.BLACK);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  protected void _labels() {
-    final int x = RASTER / 2;
-    final int y0;
-    if (getOrientation() == Orientation.R180) {
-      y0 = P95 - LABEL_FONT.getSize();
-    } else {
-      render.clockwise(getOrientation());
-      y0 = P05;
-    }
-    render.textCenter(LABEL_FONT, "%.1fV".formatted(voltage), x, y0, Color.BLACK);
-  }
-
   public static Stream<Battery> filterCast(final Part part) {
     if (part instanceof final Battery battery) {
       return Stream.of(battery);
@@ -90,4 +66,17 @@ public class Battery extends Part {
     return List.of(new InnerConnection(minus, plus, resistance));
   }
 
+  @Override
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
+    drawLine(g, P10, P50, P50 - GAP / 2 - MINUS_W / 2, P50, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
+    drawLine(g, P50 + GAP / 2 + PLUS_W / 2, P50, P90, P50, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
+    fillRect(g, P50 - MINUS_W - GAP / 2, P50 - MINUS_H / 2, MINUS_W, MINUS_H, Color.BLACK);
+    fillRect(g, P50 + GAP / 2, P50 - PLUS_H / 2, PLUS_W, PLUS_H, Color.BLACK);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  protected void _labels(final Graphics2D g) {
+    drawText(g, LABEL_FONT, "%.1fV".formatted(voltage), P50, P10, Color.BLACK, orientation);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/ConnectorCorner.java

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
+import java.awt.*;
+
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P10;
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P90;
 
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ public class ConnectorCorner extends Part {
 
   private final Junction j1;
 
-  public ConnectorCorner(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public ConnectorCorner(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "", position);
+    super("", position);
     j0 = addJunction("J0", P10, P10);
     j1 = addJunction("J1", P90, P90);
   }
 
-  public ConnectorCorner(final Circuit circuit, final ConnectorCornerDto dto) {
+  public ConnectorCorner(final ConnectorCornerDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     j0 = addJunction(dto.getJ0(), P10, P10);
     j1 = addJunction(dto.getJ1(), P90, P90);
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/ConnectorEdge.java

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
+import java.awt.*;
+
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P10;
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P50;
 
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ public class ConnectorEdge extends Part {
 
   private final Junction j1;
 
-  public ConnectorEdge(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public ConnectorEdge(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "", position);
+    super("", position);
     j0 = addJunction("J0", P10, P50);
     j1 = addJunction("J1", P50, P10);
   }
 
-  public ConnectorEdge(final Circuit circuit, final ConnectorEdgeDto dto) {
+  public ConnectorEdge(final ConnectorEdgeDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     j0 = addJunction(dto.getJ0(), P10, P50);
     j1 = addJunction(dto.getJ1(), P50, P10);
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/ConnectorMiddle.java

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
+import java.awt.*;
+
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.P50;
 
 @Getter
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ public class ConnectorMiddle extends Part {
 
   private final Junction junction;
 
-  public ConnectorMiddle(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public ConnectorMiddle(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "", position);
+    super("", position);
     junction = addJunction("J", P50, P50);
   }
 
-  public ConnectorMiddle(final Circuit circuit, final ConnectorMiddleDto dto) {
+  public ConnectorMiddle(final ConnectorMiddleDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     junction = addJunction(dto.getJunction(), P50, P50);
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Light.java

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Orientation;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
@@ -14,7 +12,7 @@ import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.ABS;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.*;
 import static java.lang.Math.abs;
 import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
@@ -52,14 +50,14 @@ public class Light extends Part {
 
   private Color color = BULB_OFF_COLOR;
 
-  public Light(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Light(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Licht", position);
+    super("Licht", position);
     a = addJunction("A", P10, P50);
     b = addJunction("B", P90, P50);
   }
 
-  public Light(final Circuit circuit, final LightDto dto) {
+  public Light(final LightDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     a = addJunction(dto.getB(), P10, P50);
     b = addJunction(dto.getA(), P90, P50);
     resistance = dto.getResistance();
@@ -68,7 +66,7 @@ public class Light extends Part {
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void _action() {
+  public void action() {
     defect = false;
   }
 
@@ -85,17 +83,17 @@ public class Light extends Part {
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _render() {
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
-    render.line(a, b, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
+    drawLine(g, a, b, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
-    render.circle(ABS(P50, P50), BULB_RADIUS, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE, color, 0, 360);
+    drawCircle(g, P50, P50, BULB_RADIUS, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE, color, 0, 360);
 
-    final double diag = 0.33 * RASTER;
+    final int diag = (int) round(0.33 * RASTER);
-    render.line(ABS(diag, diag), ABS(RASTER - diag, RASTER - diag), Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
+    drawLine(g, RASTER - diag, RASTER - diag, diag, diag, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
-    render.line(ABS(diag, RASTER - diag), ABS(RASTER - diag, diag), Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
+    drawLine(g, RASTER - diag, diag, diag, RASTER - diag, Color.BLACK, SYMBOL_STROKE);
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _labels() {
+  protected void _labels(final Graphics2D g) {
     final int x = RASTER / 2;
     final int y0;
     final int y1;
@@ -103,13 +101,13 @@ public class Light extends Part {
       y0 = P95 - LABEL_FONT.getSize();
       y1 = P05;
     } else {
-      render.clockwise(getOrientation());
+      g.rotate(getOrientation().getRadians(), P50, P50);
       y0 = P05;
       y1 = P95 - LABEL_FONT.getSize();
     }
-    render.textCenter(LABEL_FONT, "%.1fV (max)".formatted(maxVoltage), x, y0, Color.BLACK);
+    drawText(g, LABEL_FONT, "%.1fV (max)".formatted(maxVoltage), x, y0, Color.BLACK, orientation);
     if (defect) {
-      render.textCenter(LABEL_FONT, "DEFEKT", x, y1, Color.RED);
+      drawText(g, LABEL_FONT, "DEFEKT", x, y1, Color.RED, orientation);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Poti.java

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.Setter;
@@ -13,6 +11,7 @@ import java.awt.*;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.drawText;
 import static java.lang.Math.max;
 
 @Getter
@@ -30,27 +29,22 @@ public class Poti extends Part {
 
   private double ratio = 0.0;
 
-  public Poti(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Poti(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Poti", position);
+    super("Poti", position);
     common = addJunction("C", P10, P50);
     middle = addJunction("M", P50, P10);
     end = addJunction("E", P90, P50);
   }
 
-  public Poti(final Circuit circuit, final PotiDto dto) {
+  public Poti(final PotiDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     common = addJunction(dto.getCommon().getName(), P10, P50);
     middle = addJunction(dto.getMiddle().getName(), P50, P10);
     end = addJunction(dto.getEnd().getName(), P90, P50);
   }
 
-  public void setRatio(final double ratio) {
-    this.ratio = ratio;
-    evaluate();
-  }
-
   @Override
-  public void _action() {
+  public void action() {
     if (ratio > 0.95) {
       ratio = 0;
     } else {
@@ -59,15 +53,14 @@ public class Poti extends Part {
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _labels() {
+  protected void _labels(final Graphics2D g) {
-    render.textCenter(LABEL_FONT, "%3.0f%%".formatted(ratio * 100), P50, P50, Color.BLACK);
+    drawText(g, LABEL_FONT, "%3.0f%%".formatted(ratio * 100), P50, P50, Color.BLACK, orientation);
   }
 
   @Override
   public List<InnerConnection> getInnerConnections() {
     return List.of(
       new InnerConnection(common, middle, max(NO_RESISTANCE, resistance * ratio)),
-//      new InnerConnection(common, end, max(NO_RESISTANCE, resistance)),
       new InnerConnection(middle, end, max(NO_RESISTANCE, resistance * (1 - ratio)))
     );
   }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/RotationMatrix.java

@@ -2,22 +2,20 @@ package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
 import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.Array2DRowRealMatrix;
 import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.RealMatrix;
+import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.RealVector;
 
 import static java.lang.Math.cos;
 import static java.lang.Math.sin;
 
 public class RotationMatrix extends Array2DRowRealMatrix {
 
-  public static RealMatrix ofDegrees(final double degrees) {
+  public static RealVector rotateDegrees(final RealVector finger, final double degrees) {
     final double radians = degrees * Math.PI / 180.0;
-    return new RotationMatrix(radians);
+    final RealMatrix matrix = new Array2DRowRealMatrix(new double[][]{
-  }
-
-  private RotationMatrix(final double radians) {
-    super(new double[][]{
       {cos(radians), -sin(radians)},
       {sin(radians), cos(radians)},
     });
+    return matrix.operate(finger);
   }
 
 }

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Switch1x1.java

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
@@ -12,25 +10,28 @@ import java.awt.*;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.drawLine;
 
 @Getter
 @ToString(callSuper = true)
 public class Switch1x1 extends Part {
 
+  private static final Point END = new Point(P90, P25);
+
   private final Junction common;
 
   private final Junction output;
 
   private boolean state = false;
 
-  public Switch1x1(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Switch1x1(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Ausschalter", position);
+    super("Ausschalter", position);
     common = addJunction("C", P10, P50);
     output = addJunction("O", P90, P50);
   }
 
-  public Switch1x1(final Circuit circuit, final Switch1x1Dto dto) {
+  public Switch1x1(final Switch1x1Dto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     common = addJunction(dto.getCommon(), P10, P50);
     output = addJunction(dto.getOutput(), P90, P50);
     state = dto.isState();
@@ -38,21 +39,20 @@ public class Switch1x1 extends Part {
 
   public void setState(final boolean state) {
     this.state = state;
-    evaluate();
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void _action() {
+  public void action() {
     state = !state;
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _render() {
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
     if (!state) {
-      final Point end = getOrientation().rotate(new Point(P90, P25));
+      final Point end = getOrientation().rotate(END);
-      render.line(common.getPosition(), new Position(end), common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common.getAbsolute(), end, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     } else {
-      render.line(common, output, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common, output, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Switch1x2.java

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
+import java.awt.*;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.drawLine;
 
 @Getter
 @ToString(callSuper = true)
@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ public class Switch1x2 extends Part {
 
   private boolean state = false;
 
-  public Switch1x2(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Switch1x2(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Wechselschalter", position);
+    super("Wechselschalter", position);
     common = addJunction("C", P10, P50);
     output0 = addJunction("O0", P90, P25);
     output1 = addJunction("O1", P90, P75);
   }
 
-  public Switch1x2(final Circuit circuit, final Switch1x2Dto dto) {
+  public Switch1x2(final Switch1x2Dto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     common = addJunction(dto.getCommon(), P10, P50);
     output0 = addJunction(dto.getOutput0(), P90, P25);
     output1 = addJunction(dto.getOutput1(), P90, P75);
@@ -41,20 +41,19 @@ public class Switch1x2 extends Part {
 
   public void setState(final boolean state) {
     this.state = state;
-    evaluate();
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void _action() {
+  public void action() {
     state = !state;
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _render() {
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
     if (!state) {
-      render.line(common, output0, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common, output0, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     } else {
-      render.line(common, output1, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common, output1, common.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/SwitchCross.java

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.ToString;
 
+import java.awt.*;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.drawLine;
 
 @Getter
 @ToString(callSuper = true)
@@ -26,16 +26,16 @@ public class SwitchCross extends Part {
 
   private boolean state = false;
 
-  public SwitchCross(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public SwitchCross(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Kreuzschalter", position);
+    super("Kreuzschalter", position);
     common0 = addJunction("C0", P10, P25);
     common1 = addJunction("C1", P10, P75);
     output0 = addJunction("O0", P90, P25);
     output1 = addJunction("O1", P90, P75);
   }
 
-  public SwitchCross(final Circuit circuit, final SwitchCrossDto dto) {
+  public SwitchCross(final SwitchCrossDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     common0 = addJunction(dto.getCommon0(), P10, P25);
     common1 = addJunction(dto.getCommon1(), P10, P75);
     output0 = addJunction(dto.getOutput0(), P90, P25);
@@ -45,22 +45,21 @@ public class SwitchCross extends Part {
 
   public void setState(final boolean state) {
     this.state = state;
-    evaluate();
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void _action() {
+  public void action() {
     state = !state;
   }
 
   @Override
-  protected void _render() {
+  protected void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
     if (!state) {
-      render.line(common0, output0, common0.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common0, output0, common0.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
-      render.line(common1, output1, common1.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common1, output1, common1.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     } else {
-      render.line(common0, output1, common0.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common0, output1, common0.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
-      render.line(common1, output0, common1.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
+      drawLine(g, common1, output0, common1.getColor(), SWITCH_STROKE);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/Voltmeter.java

@@ -1,93 +1,90 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.InnerConnection;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.PartDto;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.Setter;
 import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.ArrayRealVector;
-import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.RealMatrix;
 import org.apache.commons.math3.linear.RealVector;
 
 import java.awt.*;
 import java.util.List;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.ABS;
+import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitPainter.*;
+import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
 @Getter
 public class Voltmeter extends Part {
 
-  private static final double FINGER_LENGTH = P70;
+  private static final int FINGER_LENGTH = P65;
 
-  private static final RealVector ANCHOR = new ArrayRealVector(new double[]{P50, P80});
+  private static final RealVector ANCHOR = new ArrayRealVector(new double[]{P50, P75});
 
-  private static final RealVector FINGER = new ArrayRealVector(new double[]{ANCHOR.getEntry(0) + FINGER_LENGTH, P50}).subtract(ANCHOR);
+  private static final RealVector FINGER = new ArrayRealVector(new double[]{FINGER_LENGTH - P05, 0});
 
   private static final Stroke SCALE_STROKE = new BasicStroke(1);
 
   private static final double DEGREES_RANGE = 90;
 
-  public static final double DEGREES_OFFSET = (180 - DEGREES_RANGE) / 2;
-
   private final Junction a;
 
   private final Junction b;
 
+  @Setter
   private double min = -3;
 
+  @Setter
   private double max = 3;
 
-  private double voltage;
-
   private RealVector tip;
 
-  public Voltmeter(final Circuit circuit, final Position position) {
+  public Voltmeter(final Point position) {
-    super(circuit, "Voltmeter", position);
+    super("Voltmeter", position);
     a = addJunction("A", P10, P90);
     b = addJunction("B", P90, P90);
     postCalculate(); // TODO remove
   }
 
-  public Voltmeter(final Circuit circuit, final PartDto dto) {
+  public Voltmeter(final PartDto dto) {
-    super(circuit, dto);
+    super(dto);
     a = addJunction("A", P10, P90);
     b = addJunction("B", P90, P90);
     postCalculate(); // TODO remove
   }
 
-  public void setMin(final double min) {
+  double x = 0;
-    this.min = min;
+
-    evaluate();
+  @Override
+  public void _render(final Graphics2D g) {
+    // scale
+    final double DEGREES_OFFSET = 45;
+    drawCircle(g, P(ANCHOR), FINGER_LENGTH, DEGREES_OFFSET, DEGREES_RANGE, Color.BLACK, SCALE_STROKE, Color.white);
+
+    // finger
+    final double ratio = (getVoltage() - min) / (max - min);
+    final double degrees = -(DEGREES_OFFSET + DEGREES_RANGE * (1 - ratio));
+    final RealVector finger = RotationMatrix.rotateDegrees(FINGER, degrees);
+    tip = ANCHOR.add(finger);
+    drawLine(g, P(ANCHOR), P(tip), Color.BLACK, SCALE_STROKE);
+
+    // anchor
+    drawCircle(g, P(ANCHOR), P03, 0, 360, null, null, Color.black);
   }
 
-  public void setMax(final double max) {
+  public static Point P(final RealVector anchor) {
-    this.max = max;
+    return new Point((int) round(anchor.getEntry(0)), (int) round(anchor.getEntry(1)));
-    evaluate();
+  }
+
+  private double getVoltage() {
+    return !Double.isNaN(b.getVoltage()) && !Double.isNaN(a.getVoltage()) ? b.getVoltage() - a.getVoltage() : 0.0;
   }
 
   @Override
-  public void postCalculate() {
+  protected void _labels(final Graphics2D g) {
-    voltage = !Double.isNaN(b.getVoltage()) && !Double.isNaN(a.getVoltage()) ? b.getVoltage() - a.getVoltage() : 0.0;
+    drawText(g, LABEL_FONT, "%.2f V".formatted(getVoltage()), P50, P90, Color.BLACK, orientation);
-    final double ratio = (voltage - min) / (max - min);
-    final double degrees = DEGREES_RANGE * ratio + DEGREES_OFFSET / 2;
-    final RealMatrix rotate = RotationMatrix.ofDegrees(degrees);
-    final RealVector rotatedFinger = rotate.operate(FINGER);
-    tip = ANCHOR.add(rotatedFinger);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void _render() {
-    render.clockwise(getOrientation());
-    render.circle(ABS(ANCHOR), FINGER_LENGTH, Color.BLACK, SCALE_STROKE, Color.white, DEGREES_OFFSET, DEGREES_RANGE);
-    render.line(ABS(ANCHOR), ABS(tip), Color.BLACK, SCALE_STROKE);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  protected void _labels() {
-    render.textCenter(LABEL_FONT, "%.2f V".formatted(voltage), P50, P90, Color.BLACK);
   }
 
   @Override

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/wire/Wire.java

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire;
 
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.junction.Junction;
 import lombok.Getter;
 import lombok.NonNull;
@@ -11,8 +10,7 @@ import java.awt.*;
 import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
 
 import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
-import static java.lang.Math.abs;
+import static java.lang.Math.*;
-import static java.lang.Math.round;
 
 @ToString
 public class Wire {
@@ -35,8 +33,25 @@ public class Wire {
     b.getWires().add(this);
   }
 
-  public boolean intersects(final Position position) {
+  public boolean intersects(final Point position) {
-    return position.distanceToLine(a.getPosition(), b.getPosition());
+    return distanceToLine(position, a.getAbsolute(), b.getAbsolute());
+  }
+
+  public boolean distanceToLine(final Point point, final Point lineStart, final Point lineEnd) {
+    double dx = lineEnd.x - lineStart.x;
+    double dy = lineEnd.y - lineStart.y;
+    double lineLength = dx * dx + dy * dy;
+    if (lineLength == 0) {
+      return sqrt(pow(lineStart.x - point.x, 2) + pow(lineStart.y - point.y, 2)) <= WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK.getLineWidth();
+    }
+
+    double t = ((point.x - lineStart.x) * dx + (point.y - lineStart.y) * dy) / lineLength;
+    t = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, t));
+
+    double closestX = lineStart.x + t * dx;
+    double closestY = lineStart.y + t * dy;
+    final double distance = sqrt(pow(closestX - point.x, 2) + pow(closestY - point.y, 2));
+    return distance <= WIRE_HOVER_STROKE_BACK.getLineWidth();
   }
 
   public Junction getOpposite(final Junction junction) {
@@ -55,7 +70,7 @@ public class Wire {
   public void draw(final Graphics2D g) {
     g.setColor(a.getColor());
     g.setStroke(WIRE_STROKE);
-    g.drawLine(a.getPosition().absolute.x, a.getPosition().absolute.y, b.getPosition().absolute.x, b.getPosition().absolute.y);
+    g.drawLine(a.getAbsolute().x, a.getAbsolute().y, b.getAbsolute().x, b.getAbsolute().y);
 
     if (SHOW_WIRE_DETAILS) {
       drawValues(g, "%.2f A".formatted(abs(current)), -0.5);
@@ -66,8 +81,11 @@ public class Wire {
   private void drawValues(final Graphics2D g, final String string, final double offset) {
     g.setFont(LABEL_FONT);
     final Rectangle2D bounds = g.getFontMetrics().getStringBounds(string, g);
-    final int mx = (a.getPosition().absolute.x + b.getPosition().absolute.x) / 2;
+    final Point aa = a.getAbsolute();
-    final int my = (a.getPosition().absolute.y + b.getPosition().absolute.y) / 2;
+    final Point bb = b.getAbsolute();
+
+    final int mx = (aa.x + bb.x) / 2;
+    final int my = (aa.y + bb.y) / 2;
 
     final int bx = (int) round((mx - bounds.getWidth() / 2)) - 2;
     final int by = (int) round((my - bounds.getHeight() / 2) + offset * bounds.getHeight()) - 2;

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/sidebar/Sidebar.java

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 package de.ph87.electro.sidebar;
 
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Part;
-import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position;
 import de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.parts.*;
-import lombok.Setter;
 
 import javax.swing.*;
 import java.awt.*;
@@ -14,37 +12,26 @@ import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.*;
 
 public class Sidebar extends JPanel {
 
-  @Setter
+  public Sidebar(final Runnable newCircuit) {
-  private Runnable repaintCallback = null;
-
-  public Sidebar(final Runnable newCircuit, final Runnable save) {
     setPreferredSize(new Dimension(0, 200));
 
     addButton("Neu", null, newCircuit, new Color(128, 202, 255));
 
-    addToggle("Details", () -> SHOW_WIRE_DETAILS, v -> {
+    addToggle("Details", () -> SHOW_WIRE_DETAILS, v -> SHOW_WIRE_DETAILS = v);
-      SHOW_WIRE_DETAILS = v;
+    addToggle("Namen", () -> SHOW_JUNCTION_NAMES, v -> SHOW_JUNCTION_NAMES = v);
-      save.run();
+    addToggle("Spannungen", () -> SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES, v -> SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES = v);
-    });
-    addToggle("Namen", () -> SHOW_JUNCTION_NAMES, v -> {
-      SHOW_JUNCTION_NAMES = v;
-      save.run();
-    });
-    addToggle("Spannungen", () -> SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES, v -> {
-      SHOW_JUNCTION_VOLTAGES = v;
-      save.run();
-    });
 
-    addPart(new Battery(null, Position.ZERO));
+    final Point ZERO = new Point();
-    addPart(new ConnectorCorner(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new Battery(ZERO));
-    addPart(new ConnectorEdge(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new ConnectorCorner(ZERO));
-    addPart(new ConnectorMiddle(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new ConnectorEdge(ZERO));
-    addPart(new Light(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new ConnectorMiddle(ZERO));
-    addPart(new Switch1x1(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new Light(ZERO));
-    addPart(new Switch1x2(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new Switch1x1(ZERO));
-    addPart(new SwitchCross(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new Switch1x2(ZERO));
-    addPart(new Poti(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new SwitchCross(ZERO));
-    addPart(new Voltmeter(null, Position.ZERO));
+    addPart(new Poti(ZERO));
+    addPart(new Voltmeter(ZERO));
   }
 
   @SuppressWarnings("UnusedReturnValue")
@@ -56,10 +43,7 @@ public class Sidebar extends JPanel {
         button.setBackground(new Color(255, 128, 128));
       }
     };
-    final Runnable click = () -> {
+    final Runnable click = () -> set.accept(!get.get());
-      set.accept(!get.get());
-      triggerRepaint();
-    };
     return addButton(label, refresh, click, null);
   }
 
@@ -80,12 +64,6 @@ public class Sidebar extends JPanel {
     return button;
   }
 
-  private void triggerRepaint() {
-    if (repaintCallback != null) {
-      repaintCallback.run();
-    }
-  }
-
   private void addPart(final Part part) {
     final SidebarPart entry = new SidebarPart(part);
     add(entry);

src/main/java/de/ph87/electro/sidebar/SidebarPart.java

@@ -30,12 +30,11 @@ public class SidebarPart extends JPanel {
       DnDConstants.ACTION_COPY_OR_MOVE,
       event -> dragSource.startDrag(event, DragSource.DefaultCopyDrop, new StringSelection(part.getClass().getSimpleName()), null)
     );
-    part.render();
   }
 
   @Override
   public void paint(final Graphics g) {
-    part.paint((Graphics2D) g);
+    part.draw((Graphics2D) g);
     g.setColor(Color.black);
     g.drawRect(0, 0, RASTER - 1, RASTER - 1);
   }

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/CalculationServiceTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.wire.Wire;
 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 
 @Slf4j
 class CalculationServiceTest {
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ class CalculationServiceTest {
   @Test
   void test() {
     final Circuit circuit = new Circuit();
-    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(circuit, RST(0, 0)));
+    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
-    final Light light = circuit.addPart(new Light(circuit, RST(0, 1)));
+    final Light light = circuit.addPart(new Light(RASTER(0, 1)));
     circuit.connect(battery.getMinus(), light.getA());
     circuit.connect(battery.getPlus(), light.getB());
 

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/io/CircuitIOServiceTest.java

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.CircuitIOService.serialize;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 
 class CircuitIOServiceTest {
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ class CircuitIOServiceTest {
   @Test
   void serialization() throws IOException {
     final Circuit circuit = new Circuit();
-    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(circuit, RST(0, 0)));
+    final Battery battery = circuit.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
-    final Light light = circuit.addPart(new Light(circuit, RST(0, 1)));
+    final Light light = circuit.addPart(new Light(RASTER(0, 1)));
     circuit.connect(battery.getPlus(), light.getB());
     circuit.connect(light.getA(), battery.getMinus());
     check(circuit);
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ class CircuitIOServiceTest {
     final ByteArrayInputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(output.toByteArray());
     final Circuit reloaded = CircuitIOService.load(null, input);
 
+    original.evaluate();
+    reloaded.evaluate();
+
     assertEquals(original.getCreated(), reloaded.getCreated());
     assertEquals(original.getPartCount(), reloaded.getPartCount());
     original.streamParts().forEach(originalPart -> {
@@ -53,8 +56,7 @@ class CircuitIOServiceTest {
         final Junction reloadedJunction = reloadedPart.getJunctions().stream().filter(junction -> junction.getUuid().equals(originalJunction.getUuid())).findFirst().orElseThrow();
         assertEquals(originalJunction.getUuid(), reloadedJunction.getUuid());
         assertEquals(originalJunction.getName(), reloadedJunction.getName());
-        assertEquals(originalJunction.getRelative(), reloadedJunction.getRelative());
+        assertEquals(originalJunction.getAbsolute(), reloadedJunction.getAbsolute());
-        assertEquals(originalJunction.getPosition(), reloadedJunction.getPosition());
         assertEquals(originalJunction.getWires().size(), reloadedJunction.getWires().size());
         originalJunction.getWires().stream()
           .map(originalWire -> originalWire.getOpposite(originalJunction))

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/BatteryLightTest.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.AssertHelper.assertVoltage;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
 public class BatteryLightTest {
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ public class BatteryLightTest {
 
   private static final Circuit CIRCUIT = new Circuit();
 
-  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 0)));
+  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
 
-  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 1)));
+  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(0, 1)));
 
   @BeforeAll
   public static void setUp() {
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ public class BatteryLightTest {
 
   @Test
   void test() {
+    CIRCUIT.evaluate();
+
     assertVoltage(VOLTAGE, battery.getPlus().getVoltage());
     assertVoltage(VOLTAGE, light.getB().getVoltage());
     assertVoltage(VOLTAGE, light.getPotentialDifference());

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/BatterySwitcher1x1Test.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.AssertHelper.assertVoltage;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ public class BatterySwitcher1x1Test {
 
   private static final Circuit CIRCUIT = new Circuit();
 
-  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 0)));
+  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x1 switcher = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x1(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 1)));
+  private static final Switch1x1 switcher = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x1(RASTER(0, 1)));
 
-  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 0)));
+  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(1, 0)));
 
   @BeforeAll
   public static void setUp() {
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ public class BatterySwitcher1x1Test {
     final double voltage = state ? VOLTAGE : 0.0;
 
     switcher.setState(state);
+    CIRCUIT.evaluate();
 
     assertEquals(state, switcher.isState());
 

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/BatterySwitcher1x2Test.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.AssertHelper.assertVoltage;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ public class BatterySwitcher1x2Test {
 
   private static final Circuit CIRCUIT = new Circuit();
 
-  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 0)));
+  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x2 switcher = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 2)));
+  private static final Switch1x2 switcher = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(RASTER(0, 2)));
 
-  private static final Light light0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 1)));
+  private static final Light light0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(1, 1)));
 
-  private static final Light light1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 3)));
+  private static final Light light1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(1, 3)));
 
   @BeforeAll
   public static void setUp() {
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public class BatterySwitcher1x2Test {
     final double voltage1 = state ? VOLTAGE : 0.0;
 
     switcher.setState(state);
+    CIRCUIT.evaluate();
 
     assertEquals(state, switcher.isState());
 

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/BatterySwitcher2x2Test.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.AssertHelper.assertVoltage;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ public class BatterySwitcher2x2Test {
 
   private static final Circuit CIRCUIT = new Circuit();
 
-  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 0)));
+  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x2 switcher0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 1)));
+  private static final Switch1x2 switcher0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(RASTER(0, 1)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x2 switcher1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 1)));
+  private static final Switch1x2 switcher1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(RASTER(1, 1)));
 
-  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 0)));
+  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(1, 0)));
 
   @BeforeAll
   public static void setUp() {
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ public class BatterySwitcher2x2Test {
 
     switcher0.setState(state0);
     switcher1.setState(state1);
+    CIRCUIT.evaluate();
 
     assertEquals(state0, switcher0.isState());
     assertEquals(state1, switcher1.isState());

src/test/java/de/ph87/electro/circuit/part/parts/BatterySwitcherCrossTest.java

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import de.ph87.electro.circuit.Circuit;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
+import static de.ph87.electro.CONFIG.RASTER;
 import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.AssertHelper.assertVoltage;
-import static de.ph87.electro.circuit.part.Position.RST;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ public class BatterySwitcherCrossTest {
 
   private static final Circuit CIRCUIT = new Circuit();
 
-  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 0)));
+  private static final Battery battery = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Battery(RASTER(0, 0)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x2 switcher0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(CIRCUIT, RST(0, 1)));
+  private static final Switch1x2 switcher0 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(RASTER(0, 1)));
 
-  private static final SwitchCross switcherX = CIRCUIT.addPart(new SwitchCross(CIRCUIT, RST(1, 1)));
+  private static final SwitchCross switcherX = CIRCUIT.addPart(new SwitchCross(RASTER(1, 1)));
 
-  private static final Switch1x2 switcher1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(CIRCUIT, RST(2, 1)));
+  private static final Switch1x2 switcher1 = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Switch1x2(RASTER(2, 1)));
 
-  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(CIRCUIT, RST(2, 0)));
+  private static final Light light = CIRCUIT.addPart(new Light(RASTER(2, 0)));
 
   @BeforeAll
   public static void setUp() {
@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ public class BatterySwitcherCrossTest {
     switcher0.setState(state0);
     switcherX.setState(stateX);
     switcher1.setState(state1);
+    CIRCUIT.evaluate();
 
     assertEquals(state0, switcher0.isState());
     assertEquals(stateX, switcherX.isState());